An electrical substation is an integral part of a generation, transmission and distribution system that transforms the voltage of the electricity from the high voltage transmission lines to the lower voltage distribution lines. A substation can interrupt or establish electrical circuit, change the voltage, frequency or other characteristics of electrical energy flowing in the circuit.

A substation is an installation that interconnects elements of an electric utility’s system. These elements can include generators, transmission lines, distribution lines, and even neighbouring utility systems. It is also responsible for controlling the flow of electricity, switching the lines, and protecting the equipment from overloads and short circuits.